Exercise B
Make sure students realize that the graph and the table
give the same information. Show that you can therefore
complete one with information from the other.
Set for individual work then pairwork checking.
Feed back onto the board or onto an OHT.
Exercise C
Exploit the visual. Give students plenty of time to read the
sentences and guess or work out the missing information.
Play the recording. Feed back orally.
Tape$$$$$$ and Answers
1 Deserts cover one-third of the Earth’s surface.
2 13per cent of the world’s population live in deserts.
3 No rain fell for over 40 years in the Atacama desert in
Chile.
4 Wind has sometimes carried sand from the Sahara to
the UK.
5 The Sahara occupies around eight percent of the
world’s land area.
6 There are about 1,200 different types of plants –
flowers and trees – in the Sahara.
7 The Sahara is expanding southwards at an average of
nearly one kilometre a month
ص76
Exercise A
Answers
1 Answers depend on students.
2 It’s about the Sahara.
1 De$$$$$$ion
2 History
3 Explanation
Exercise B
Answers
1- 9 million km2
2- 1,600 kilometres
3- 5,000 kilometres
4- Algeria, Libya, Egypt, the Sudan, as well as some of
Mauritania, Mali, Niger and Chad
5- a. Arabic – sahra; b. Sanskrit – sagara
6- desert
7- big sea or ocean
8- giraffes, cows, deer, fish
9- signs of a lake and rivers
Exercise D
Answers
Key points are that the Sahara was once an agricultural
area with lakes and rivers. A change in the Earth produced
a change in the climate. Perhaps the movement of the
people into the Nile valley is also a key point
ص77
Exercise A
1 scientist
2 evidence
3 ancient
4 farmers
5 discovery
6 thousand
7 million
8 millilitres
9 millimetres
Exercise B
Answers
1 Introduction: the structure of the talk
2 Facts about present-day Sahara
3 Origins of the name
4 Evidence of ancient life – animals
5 Evidence of ancient life – lakes and rivers
6 Evidence of ancient life – agriculture
7 Reasons for the change
8 How climate change happens
9 Results of the change
10 Preview of next talk
ص78
Exercise A
Answers
a The Sahara is the largest desert in the world.
b It occupies most of the northern third of the continent
of Africa.
c It covers nine million square kilometres.
d It comprises most of the land area of the Arab
countries of Algeria, Libya, Egypt and the Sudan.
e Some people believe that the name comes from the
Arabic word for desert.
Exercise B
Answer
Making the Sahara green again.
Exercise C
Answers
1 2,000 m
2 Libya
3 1984
4 3,000 km
5 5 million m3
6 1,500 km2
7 May 2022
8 the Red Sea
9 39
10 4 km2
11 25 km2
12 several degrees lower
Exercise D
Answers
1 Introduction: the structure of the talk
2 Present projects in the Sahara – wells and oases
3 Present projects in the Sahara – the Great Man-Made
River
4 Present projects in other countries – Saudi Arabia
5 Present projects in other countries – the UAE
6 Conclusion
ص79
Exercise A
Answers
Findings
The ice cube melts, i.e., changes/converts to water.
You may observe some condensation on the inside of the
glass. This shows that some of the water changes to gas
and then back to water on the side of the glass.
Conclusion
The ice changes to water because it gets hotter. Some of
the water changes to gas and then back to water on the
side of the glass.
Exercise B
Tape$$$$$$ and Answers
Three natural cycles keep the plants and animals on Earth
alive. The cycles are the carbon and oxygen cycle; the
nitrogen cycle; and the water cycle. All living things need
oxygen (O), carbon (C), nitrogen (N) and water, which is, of
course, a combination of hydrogen and oxygen (H2O).
How does a natural cycle work? The process is simple.
Something converts or changes the form of a substance.
Something else converts it back again. For example, in the
water cycle, the heat of the Sun converts liquid water in
rivers and seas into a gas. We see this gas in the sky as a
white, grey or black cloud. Then, the gas cools and changes
back to a liquid – called rain – or a solid – called snow.
Exercise C
Answers
1, 2
Table 1: Natural states of water
Examples in $$$$ Other possible examples
Liquid water, rivers, seas ponds, pools, puddles,
streams, oceans, lakes
Solid snow ice, hail
Gas clouds steam, spray, vapour
3 When you heat it or cool it. (Note that students may
not be familiar with the word cool as a verb. Highlight
the point.)
4 Depend on students.
ص 80
(E (A
1- in afternoon at 3.15
2- school cafe
3- she doesn`t say
(E(B
1-
things
actually
caurse do
free
so good
about
sorry make
until
can
sure see
Greet
about
then
(E(D
talk
nature
water
nitroger
oxygen
technical
week
draw
(E(E
water vapour rises into the air
water vapour condenses
[couds move …..the land[/B
colds rise
colds cool
rain falls…..land
water……rivers
منقول
ونتريا يديدج…….
والله يعطيج العافية
طالبتنك طلبة يا جالب المواضيع …واللي حاضر أريد هذا البحث خلال ها الأسبوع
مقدمة وموضوع وخاتمة مع المصارد
بحث
الله يخليكم لا تردوني
وسمحولي يا طيبين
An important reverse reaction occurs in the water: Fish use ****booilism where oxygen and organic materials – other small fish or algae – as food is converted to carbon dioxide, water, and energy.
Bacteria in water, as well as land, also undergo ****bolism and use oxygen and decompose organic wastes as food to convert to carbon dioxide, water, and energy. By products in the decomposition of organic waste are nitrates and phosphates.
The overall health of a body of water depends upon whether these factors are in balance. Municipal sewage systems are now doing a better job of removing most of the organic waste products in the discharge water, but some organic waste still enters the streams and lakes. If an excess amount of organic waste is present in the water, the bacteria use all of the available oxygen in the water in an attempt to decompose the organic waste.
The amount of organic waste in water is represent by a chemical test called BOD – Biological Oxygen Demand. The concentration of oxygen is measured in a water sample at the beginning of the test and again after five days. The difference between the oxygen concentrations represents the amount of oxygen consumed by the bacteria in the ****bolism of the waste organics present.
ها للي اقــــــــــــدر عليه لان ما عندي خلفيه عن الموضوع
وها الروابط وعسى تستفيدين وتفيدينااا
http://eo.ucar.edu/kids/green/cycles1.htm
http://www.serc.si.edu/labs/biogeoch…es/search.html
وهــــــــــــا للـــي اقــــــــــــــدار عليــــــــهـ
واتمنى التوفيق لج
The Metro will be fully integrated within the network operated by the Roads & Transport Authority (RTA), a body created in 2022. Routes will be organised around the backbone provided by the rail system.
THE PROJECT
Groundworks began in February 2022, centred around the 52.1km Red Line. In August 2022 a second contract worth US$.12bn was awarded to the MHI consortium for bulding the Green Line.
"Dubai Municipality identified the need for a rail system to relieve growing motor traffic and support continuing urban development."
Green Line will link strategic ********s Dubai Airport and Healthcare City. In June 2022 Serco (operator of the London Docklands Light Railway) was named as preferred bidder for initial consultation and the system’s operation and maintenance.
The £400m contract, potentially for up to 12 and a half years, relates to the first two lines. In May 2022, the RTA reported that the project was ahead of schedule, with 70% of Red Line and 27% of Green Line construction completed.
INFRASTRUCTURE
The 52.1km (32.5 mile) Red Line will have 29 stations, four of which will be underground. It will run from Rashidiva to Jebel Ali passing the American University of Dubai. It is planned that the first phase will open in September 2022. The whole 52.1km is expected to take 60 minutes to travel, with an estimated 32,000 passengers per hour.
The 22.5 km (14 mile) Green Line will have 18 stations from Al Ittihad Square to Rashidiya bus station through Deira City Centre and Dubai Airport Terminals 1 and 3. It will be progressively extended to serve the Deira and Bur Dubai central areas and Souks up to Burjuman and Wafi shopping centres. Interchange stations will be at Al Ittihad Square and Burjuman.
Underground sections in the city centre are on the Red Line from the intersection of Sheikh Rashid and Sheikh Khalifa Bin Zayed roads to just before the intersection of Salahuddin and Abu Bakr Al Siddique roads and from Garhoud to Oud Metha Road on the Green Line.
Elsewhere, trains will run on elevated viaducts, the design and aesthetics developed specifically to enhance the urban architecture along its corridor. In no ******** will tracks cross highways, ensuring full mode segregation. Although taxi, bus and water taxi feeder services are being structured to encourage end-to-end use of public transport, the RTA is creating three park and ride sites (the largest with 6,000 places).
Underground works have been carried out without affecting buildings, and authorities claim that residents will not be disturbed by excavation work. A third-rail power supply was chosen to avoid the visual intrusion of overhead line equipment. All stations, elevated or underground, will feature platform screen doors for passenger safety and facilitating air conditioning.
ROLLING STOCK
The driverless, fully automated trains are fully air-conditioned and designed to meet Dubai’s specific requirements. Unusual for metro operation, the trains will offer standard ‘Silver’ class, a women and children only section plus a first class ‘Gold’ section (‘carriage for VIPS’). Five-car sets will be approximately 75m long, seating around 400 passengers but with standing room for many more. Numerous double doors will allow fast and smooth flows.
Rolling stock is being supplied by Kinki Sharyo under a US$456.2m contract for 385 cars, the first arriving from Japan in March 2022 with the rest of the Red Line stock due by the end of the year. Local runs began at Jebel Ali in Dubai during May 2022. Requiring under-cover storage and maintenance due to local conditions of heat and dust, the main depot with a capacity for 64 trains will be at Rashidya. Auxiliary depots are being built at Jabel Ali and Al Ghusais..
SIGNALLING AND COMMUNICATIONS
The automatic train control system will allow headways of between 90 seconds and two minutes. In 2022 MHI contracted Alcatel (now Alcatel-Lucent) to supply the driverless train control system and a communications system for on-train video surveillance, passenger information, public address and the integrated control centre. Trains will be WiFi enabled.
Occupying 10,000m2, the system’s control centre is at Rashidiya depot. The project’s signalling system is moving block and fully automated with in-cab signalling. Reported as attracting considerable local criticism, in mid 2022 the RTA invited international bids for naming rights of 23 of the network’s stations. .
THE FUTURE
In full operation, Dubai Metro is projected to carry approximately 1.2 million passengers on an average day, and 355 million passengers per year.
"With the Blue Line to follow the Purple Line, Dubai RTA expects 318km of metro lines to be in operation by 2022."
The operating cost including staff, maintenance and power should be approximately AE$570m per year, planned to be met through fares and additional revenues such as advertisement space and joint development.
In May 2022 the 49km Purple Line received approval, moving ahead of another future projection, the Blue Line. Parsons Brinckerhoff has been contracted for initial design work on the express, eight station line.
The Blue Line will link the current international airport with the new Dubai World Central International Airport which is being built at Jebel Ali, part of a 140km² multi-mode transport hub.
Nine-car trains configured for the demands of airport passengers will take 40 minutes between line termini. Starting construction in March 2022, Purple Line services are scheduled to begin in December 2022.
With the Blue Line to follow the Purple Line, Dubai RTA expects 318km of metro lines to be in operation by 2022. To further reduce the area’s reliance upon road transport, the authority is considering adding 268km of light rail lines that will serve as feeders to Dubai Metro. In April 2022 the RTA announced the development of the Yellow Line, a light rail operation, would be by a consortium including Serco and Alstom.
اكيد كولنا عايزين بارجراف عن الوحدة التانية في الكتاااااااااااااب
فياريت الي كتب الموضوع مع استاذو او اللي كتبت مع ابلتها تكتبوه هناااااااااااا
ولكم جزيل الشكر ..
مع خالص حبي لكم…
مثلا احنا عندنا في الكتاب قصة عايشة وانها انقذت امهاا فهية كدة عملت عمل بطولي..بانها انفذت امها اللي اتعورت في ايديها وهية عايشة استدخمت الاسعافات الاولية وانفذت حياة امها
لو سمحتي يعني قصة تكون فريبة منها قصة بطولية يعني..
وجزيت خيرا ….
حد يرد !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
Specialized study warned that the growing premature aging among young people by the use of the mobile phone, pointing out that the electromagnetic waves emanating from radio towers and wireless telephone help on the activity of breast cancer and its spread.
Has revealed the scientific study – prepared by the research team headed by Professor of Biophysics and Medical Radiation b b Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Dr. Fadel Muhammad as Al-Arab Online, revealed that the introduction of modern equipment and technology deployment in everyday life have adverse biological effects on human health.
The study, the short-wave which man is exposed within the home or at work lead to the obvious damage in the wall cells, especially red blood cells, and also cause an imbalance in blood enzymes, a result of the injury to the cells of glands that secrete these enzymes.
The study said, it was observed that there are adverse effects on the enzymes of the liver and various glands, muscles, and the focus of some hormones, including testosterone, as well as electric, heart and bone marrow and its inability to produce healthy blood, pointing to the impact on mice embryos in the mother’s abdomen and her leukemia and lymphoma.
The other hand, has warned a scientific study from previous exposure to magnetic fields generated by modern devices, including mobile phone, to a negative impact on human health, especially for girls and pregnant women because of the biological effects caused by the breast and the baby.
The study, conducted by the newly Basic Sciences Research Council, Academy of Scientific Research and Technology in Egypt, that exposure to magnetic waves used in broadcasting and communication processes through mobile phone lead to the obvious damage in the wall cells, especially blood cells.
As well as to an imbalance in the blood enzymes as they cause in the incidence of breast cancer in women, noting that such damage vary depending on the density which is exposure. She explained that the scientific experiments demonstrated that exposure to short-wave and portable, a band of medium or low frequencies from radio broadcasting, resulting in injury to the fetus in his mother’s womb cancer, blood and lymph nodes also leads to cessation of activity of lymph glands and is responsible for the secretion of milk of the mother.
This is part of another, we all know that eating fresh vegetables and soy products a healthy diet is more than eating junk food. Even though everyone understood this fact, but few women keep it. This led doctors to believe that this is possible to be one of the reasons that cause breast cancer.
Studies indicated in the past that American women were Asian and the Middle less affected than other races of breast cancer, because Hamithn food but the statistics are pointing to a rise in this ratio with changing dietary habits in those areas.
The relationship became a close relationship between dietary habits and practice between the high incidence of cancer. In the latest statistics show that food accounted for 30% of the causes of cancer.
It is advisable for doctors to return to the kitchen because its East Asian component of fresh vegetables and fruits, which have proved to have the biggest impact in fighting cancer and many other diseases that took the widespread diffusion of the age.
Among the tips be replaced with meat, eggs, fish three times a week at least, as well as a national to add little of soy milk to your food since it had a significant impact in fighting cancer.
Also, green tea very helpful in fighting cancer and helps in purifying the blood in addition to being of those who burn more calories in your body.
Here are more tips for the prevention of breast cancer ..
– Marcy exercise three times a week for at least 45 minutes each time, not matter what kind of sport, but it is important to be doing the revitalization of your body.
– Eat plenty of vegetables, especially leafy full of fiber such as broccoli and kale and spinach.
– A national buying a machine for the preparation of fresh juice and fresh juice to address a national daily. And nationalist era all kinds of vegetables and fruits, without exception, such as carrots with apple and parsley, kale and spinach with apple, or lemon with garlic.
– Avoid wearing underwear that narrow harass your chest.
– Avoid foods rich in fat.
– Eat foods derived from soy such as tofu, and soy beans and soy milk.
– Try to reduce your consumption of cheese and all dairy products.
– Try a simple meditation for every day and inhalation of a national clean air and take it out slowly, and try to dig deeper in the arts of meditation such as yoga.
– Please see a specialist doctor to conduct periodic examinations annually.
– Loose chest periodically to make sure there are no lumps or blocks are not natural.
– Try to maintain your weight within normal limits, and if he was overweight, try to follow a diet to gain access to your normal levels.
– Eat a green tea as you can and try to reduce your consumption of caffeine daily.
– Try not to Tkpti any feelings you feel it, So try to always vent your anger and anxiety and your fears.
– Eat a 800 mg daily of vitamin (e) and 1000 mg of vitamin (c) a day.
And specifically on the tension and its relationship to breast cancer, researchers have said that the Swedes stress can double the risk of women with breast cancer. The researchers based their findings on surveys of more than 1400 women Sweden Be part of the health study and wide.
The request of the women and who were described as representing a sample of all segments of the Swedish society to mobilize health model includes questions about the tension and if you have experienced by women during the past five years, a state of tension for a month or more.
Include situations of tension that can be witnessed by women fear, anxiety, or sleep disorders because of family problems or problems at work
وهذا عن فؤائد الموبايل ..
Things You Never Knew Your mobile phone can do
Your mobile phone can actually be a provider of life or an emergency tool for survival. Check the things you can do with it:
((1))
Emergency
In emergency situations all over the world for mobile emergency number is 112
If you find yourself outside the area of coverage for your mobile network and there is an emergency, call 112
And will be looking for any available network required to make the call
And interestingly this number 112 can be used even if the keypad is locked
* Check *
((2))
Have you ever shut down the car keys inside? Do you have a remote to open the car?
If you close on your car keys inside and you have the spare keys at home, call someone at home on his mobile phone.
Provided someone drive your keys to you .. may be hundreds of miles away but you can still access the other person who holds the key to open the reserve car easily without bothering the distance.
Hold your cell phone to a foot from the car door and ask the second person to bring the reserve to the remote telephone and pressing a button to open the door .. open the door!!!
((3))
Hidden battery power
Imagine that your battery is very low and you expect important contact and do not have the packaging or shipping …. handsets from Nokia comes with a battery backup …..
To activate, press the
* 3370 #
Will restart the mobile device battery backup so that you have a cargo capacity by 50% …. and will be charging the battery backup
Recharges when your using a packing / shipping
((4)) How to disable stolen mobile phones?
To examine the serial number of your mobile phone you have to press the following buttons:
* # 0 6 #
Numbers will appear (15) for a serial number of your device, without the notebook paper or in the case of theft you can contact your telecom companies and give them the serial number and therefore they can disable your computer even if the use of another card … In the absence of retrieval of the device …. at least ensure that the ability of thieves to use or sell it also
((5))
Be careful about using your mobile phone
When you connect to the mobile device a person does not hold the device close to your ears until you respond to the call .. because after contact directly the maximum power used 2 watts … Be careful
‘Keep your brain’ Please use the left ear because if you use the right ear will be affected by the brain directly … the fact that a medical team from Apollo Medical
م/ن بالعربي وترجم للأنجليزيه ..
بالتوفيق
والسموحه تم تعديل الموضوع ..
موفقين ..
وبالتوفيق للجميع
……………………{ }
P2
1. Arabian Oryx
2. barn Swallow
3. house cat
4. black Bear
5. horses fly
6. Sand gazalle
7. tiger cat
8. blue head lizard
9. desert cobra
10. Spider monkey
11. tree frog
12. rocks lobste
13. Egyptian vulture
14. mountain lion
15. gold fish
…………………
P3
2. decided
3. Waited
4. Called ………… told
5. got…………..had
6. did
7. helped
8. came by
………….!!
2. when did you see her?
3. Where did you see her?
4. Who Was she with?
5. Were they Friendly?
6. Did you meet anyone else?
………..{ }
Thats All
Good Luck
اقدم لكم برقراف عن
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
يوجد ايضاً فالمرفقات
يزاج ربي الخير عالمجهود الطيب..
تم تقييمج..+++
موفقة يارب
so nice
سلمت يدآك
وعليكم السلام ورحمه الله وبركاته
مشكورة ع ردوددج
التوفيق للجميع