تقرير جاهز عن الانترنت باللغة الإنجليزية للصف الحادي عشر

السلام عليكم ورحمة الله وبركاته ..

The Internet

INTRODUCTION
The Internet began in the United States of America (USA) in the 1960’s, funded by the Ministry of Defence it was used to send/share information from computer to another computer using the telephone lines. From this it has exploded into the widest used entertainment, information, research and communication resources service there is to date.

The Internet is one of the youngest and fastest growing media in today’s world. Internet growth is still accelerating, which indicates that the Internet has not yet reached its highest expansion period . It should be noted, however, that while the Internet is a completely new kind of medium, by separating it into a distinct category, we are allowing for a certain amount of double counting, because all the Internet-based stock of information is already accounted for under "magnetic" or "tape" categories. Furthermore, we should make clear the distinction between the stock and the flow of information. While web sites and some portion of email messages are being stored and accounted for under different storage categories, there are other "components" of what we know as "Internet," such as Internet Relay Chat (IRC) or Telnet, which exist only as a flow of communication. What makes the Internet extremely successful is that it is one of a handful of media (such as radio and TV), where one unit of storage might generate terabytes of flow, as opposed to books and newspapers, where one exemplar is usually read by one or two people, and the flow of information is relatively low.

Uses of the internet

1- World Wide Web

The WWW is made up of interactive $$$$ and graphical tools that provides for the exchange of information and ideas. The www was actually conceived as a way for physicists to share their data. In 1998 Tim Burners – Lee led a team in Switzerland to develop the initial idea. Key among these was hyper$$$$ or “hot” portions, an online $$$$$$$$ which, when selected, takes the user to a related or “linked” $$$$$$$$ i.e. if the user were reading about dinosaurs on the WWW and selected the hyper$$$$ world “tyrannosaurus” he would then go directly to a $$$$$$$$ dealing specifically with that species.

Every computer needs an Internet Service Provider (ISP) browser to assess the WWW. With the browser one can navigate through the web, also it allows one to go back and forward through web page visited. Other functions available in the browser which the WWW needs are:

• URL – this is the address for web pages
• Buttons – to click and access another resource page
• Hyper$$$$ hotlink – is clicked on for – sponsors and other reference page and some downloads – music, video clips, software
• Bookmark/holists/favorites – save the address of favorites sites

Today several web browsers are available for IBM and Macintosh based computers and most of the major online services include web browsers in standard packages.

The WWW is so easy to use one simple has to point the cursor the cursor and click on one’s browser, which also allows web pages to be viewed through any computer which is connected to the internet and has a browser. It also makes the ability for software and data files easy to download. Hyper$$$$ and multimedia are two outstanding aspects of the WWW.

2- Electronic Mail (E-Mail)

E-mail is the widest used service today; its main purpose is to send computers or electronic massage to another Internet users account. The computer sends the massage via telephone lines to the server where the message is stored in a remote computer or the receiver account, until the receiver comes online. It allows a person to send messages, files, and pictures just about anything imaginable to another person anywhere in the world so long as that person has an account.

3- File Transfer Protocol (FTP)

The main purpose of ftp is to download files from a distant computer and place them onto own hard disk. Whether or not a file is available for download depends on two things:

 Whether one is allowed to download files to the hard disk of the computer in use.
 Whether the desired file is available for copying.

Whether or not the user is permitted to download files to the computer may depend on the availability of disk space, which is low in some ********s. However those using their own PCs may do whatever they like.

Most computer files need the user to have an account on that computer, plus a password. However, all kinds of files, programmer, $$$$, graphic, and even sounds are available to be copied without restriction. There are two main ways to use FTP:

 Non-anonymously – Account with a user ID and password, which gives more privileges than with anonymous access, is set up.
 Anonymous – instead of setting up an account one simply calls his self anonymous and uses the e-mail address as a pass word.

Email is also one of the methods to send $$$$$$$$s however it would not be appropriate to send large $$$$$$$$s through e-mail. Information is not available from any other source; such as photographs of NASA may be available using the FTP. Something that one would get any other way, such as photographs of NASA or games software, etc. or maybe even the user does not know what they want but knowing all the free FTP out there they just want a look around and download things.

4- Newsgroup

A newsgroup is an informal network of computers that allow the posting and reading of messages on specific topics. Discussions cover almost any subject etc herbal remedies or Chinese politics it is possible to find entire groups who share the same interest and have something to say about it. Today there are more than 10,000 newsgroups; all of them offer conversations and some offer files to download.

The best way to get started in using newsgroups is to read the posted massage in one’s chosen subject. This is called “lurking” enable the “lurker” can assess the group before tacking part.

Regular newsgroups users have developed there own personal shorthand and this maybe confusing to a first time user at first glance e.g.

BTW – by the way
LOL – laugh out loud
ROFL – rolling on the floor laughing
IMHO – in my humble opinion
SUL – see you later
TTFN – Ta Ta for now
ASAP – as soon as possible

5- Chat Rooms

Direct communication with people all over the world is the main purpose of chat room. Chat can be used for many things such as entertainment, to get information from other users, etc. People get to know each other online and talk about everyday life and various other subjects.
People can use chat rooms direct on the Internet and talk to hundreds of people who are in the same place, this way getting to meet new people. Another way to chat is to download an Instant Message service (IM), such as:
ICQ
MSN
*****
PAL TALK
NET MEETING
AOL MESSENGER

Advantages Of The Internet

1- The Internet is one of the biggest information sources. It makes it easy and fast to find whatever subject you are looking for just by going to any of the search web sites and write your subject and press search.

2- The Internet is one of the fastest ways to communicate for example you can do Shopping through the internet while you are surfing the net. For the more if somebody looking to have holiday some where in the world, it could be easily to book the tickets, the hotels and rent a car, by using the internet at your home.

3- The internet can by use as an entertainment way, by downloading games, music, movies and programs. Chat programs are one of the entertainment ways in the net. It can makes friends and met new people from different places in the world using chatting programs.

Disadvantages Of The Internet
1- The most famous disadvantage of the internet is the hacking and virus programs. If the pc catches any of these programs damage will happen in your pc hardware. Then it might lose any personal information were saved in the computer.
2- There is no control on some sites because some of unsuitable material it difficult to control how enters these sites if they are underage or adults because these sites shows materials not allowed to be seen by underage.

Conclusion
Research on the Internet highlights the main danger of the internet as being chat rooms. The internet with all its diverse information and its concept of one-to-many communication and global contacts, a wonderful resource however it also holds many hidden dangers, which if not discussed with children, can lead to horrendous consequences
Various methods of making children more aware of the dangers of chat rooms are available. Parents should take more interest in what their children are doing when they are online, as well as keeping themselves informed about the internet and computers in general. Filters are a good example of how parents can control what they children get up to online example net nanny and $$$$$ sitter.
However the Internet remain one of the most important sources of obtain the information.

م/ن