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وترجمته فقوقل ~>
Transport and Communications
Introduction:
Address this issue some of the most important ideas:
1 – transport and communication concept and its importance.
2 – types and modes of transportation.
3 – current developments in transportation.
First: the concept of Transport and Communications:
Is the process of transporting people and goods from one place to another. Take and transport personnel to places
Which they wish to go to, and come to them the goods they need or desire.
The importance of transport and communications: Without transport there is no trade and no trade can never be
Villages and cities and the villages and cities are traditionally "centers of civilization, so the means of transport contribute to
In a civilization, were the means of transport through the stages of history They were slow and difficult to carry their goods
On their backs or on their heads or make on the ground and in about the year 5000 BC. M almost "
People began to use animals in the transfer of loads. By the year 3000 BC. M vehicles were made
Of the four wheels without engine and sailing have been invented so they started using the animals and vehicles
And boats to transport loads to places far more easily than ever before, even produced the first inventors
Powered motor vehicles between the late eighteenth and early nineteenth century. Today, carrying
Jet passengers at a speed matching the sound and you can train, trucks and cargo ships
Giant from carrying goods to buyers in most parts of the world, and provide cars and buses as a means
Convenient transportation to millions of people.
Second: the types and means of transport:
There are three main types of them: 1 – Ground 2 – water 3 – Air.
Depends on road transport vehicles with wheels, especially the "cars, trucks, trains, ships The
And boats are the most important compounds of water and air transport also depends on the aircraft entirely.
* Important dates in Transportation:
Circa 5000 BC. People began to use donkeys and oxen as pack animals loaded.
3500 BC. He built the first inhabitants of Mesopotamia wheeled vehicles.
3200 BC. M Egyptians invented sails, made the first manned glider.
From the fourth century BC to the third century AD, the Romans established the first extensive network of
Paved roads.
The ninth century appeared the horse’s neck collar steel in Europe.
The twelfth century AD, devised a vehicle makers in Europe, first by horse-drawn vehicles.
The fifteenth century AD helped improvements in shipbuilding to make long-haul flights
Across the ocean as possible.
Sixties of the seventeenth century AD opened in Paris the first line of vehicles within the city.
The eighteenth century British inventors developed the steam engine.
1807 began the first line of commercially successful steamboat "in the United States of America.
1825 began the first successful steam railway in England.
Eighties of the nineteenth century AD, making the Germans the first motor vehicles that operate
Oil and used to run vehicles with wheels.
Nineties nineteenth century French engineers are making the first vehicles
Petrol-fueled engines and vehicles objects.
In 1903 became the aircraft manufacture and Orville Wright Olpor from the United States of America first
Plane with the man "to the atmosphere and fly successfully. Twenties of the twentieth century and even the fifties
From the automobile became an increasingly main means of transport. Fifties of the twentieth century
Began the first commercial jet plane work. Seventies of the twentieth century resulted in the decline in oil reserves
In the world to a lack of transport fuels in the industrialized countries 0.1976 m worked first passenger plane flying
Faster than the speed of sound between Europe and the United States of America.
Communications Today, means of transport of passengers:
1 – own transport: in industrialized countries is available mainly cars and bicycles
Motorcycles and private planes and cars are the most important of all.
2 – Public Transportation: longer any passenger services regularly and available to the public transport
There are three general types: inner-city – between the cities – across the seas.
The transport of goods: the availability of pipelines and cheaper way to transport oil and natural gas The cheapest way
For the transfer of goods they transport the water transport by rail Wejtklv three times
The cost of water transport and the trucking cost ten times as rail transport is
Air transport more expensive types of shipping at all.
And used different means of transport of goods in two areas:
1 – Domestic shipping: Most of his jurisdiction and the transfer of goods between cities within the same country
And receiving and delivery services 0.2 – International Shipping: move primarily "through the vessels and some
By road or inland waterways or aircraft.
The transport industry: taper of the main industries in the world Many of the industrial enterprises
The world’s leading check all or most of their income from sales of equipment or fuel for transportation.
And the transport industry include:
1 – equipment makers: produce vehicles that rely on modern communications equipment also provide
Necessary for the operation of vehicles such as rail and communication networks for aircraft.
2 – carriers of passengers and goods: including airlines, bus companies and pipeline companies
And railways, shipping lines and land transport enterprises.
3 – transport-related industries: include the production of glass and steel, oil and tires in addition to
Road construction and sale of new and used cars and vehicle maintenance services.
Government and Transportation: Transportation in the government intervene in countries where the overall industry
Or most of the public property of the state, the government plays a "key", which finance
Industries in this area.
Third: current developments:
* Modern transportation problems: these problems increases sharply in countries that rely
Depending on "substantial" in the use of private cars in traffic.
1 – traffic safety: to suffer most types of motor transport high-speed
Problems of traffic, but motorists in particular are suffering from the decline
The level of safety.
2 – landing fuel reserves: Provides all types of oil and other fuel derived from oil overall
Energy needed for transportation and energy experts warn that the stock of the world oil price is moderate
Consumption is on the fast.
3 – environmental problems: The vehicle main reason for traffic congestion in cities
The smoke emitted from the exhausts of these vehicles is leading cause of air pollution.
4 – Improvements in transportation: Requires essentially "an improvement in: – City services – services
Trains between cities.
* Means of transport in the Arab World: Use the people in the Arab world beauty and horse
And donkeys and mules as a means of transport. With the discovery of oil you use the latest means of transport from bus
General, luxury cars, trains, modern large aircraft, ships, tankers and ferries.
Conclusion:
After that our concept of transportation and its importance, as well as the types and means of transport and developments
Held by where I benefited from this topic because it is the value of the information and means of transport
And transportation are still in the development and prosperity where there is a lot of attempts and experiments to develop
This means, for example by solar energy, which is still underway to search for use
Allowance as a means of fuel (energy) science Unending
موفقة ,,
Cars
In order to own a car, the only requirement is for you to have a UAE residence visa. Brand new cars can cost between Dhs. 40,000 ($ 11,000) and 200,000 ($ 55,000), while second hand cars can start as low as Dhs. 8,000 ($ 2,200). The list of new car dealers can be found at UAE Car Agents and Dealers, while a list of second hand car dealers can be found here.
Taxis
If you don’t have a car of your own, then the best means of getting round in the UAE is by taxi. Taxis will take you within an emirate or from emirate to emirate, if you have the money. In the UAE, taxis are only allowed to take you from the emirate their vehicle is registered in, to any destination you wish to go but by law cant bring you back. For example’s sake, a cab registered in Dubai, can take you from Dubai to Sharjah but cant pick you up in Sharjah and bring you to Dubai. I am not saying that taxis wouldn’t do it, but by law they are not supposed to and if they are caught they will pay a large fine and most likely have they’re taxi taken away from them for sometime. It is a strange system, as taxis have to go back to their emirate empty after they drop someone somewhere. The main disadvantage is for the customers, as the taxi fares would be much less if taxis could take people from anywhere to anywhere.
Taxis in the UAE charge by law of the emirate or by meter. Meter taxis are widely used in Dubai while taxis in the other emirates charge according to the official price issued by the emirate. The table below contains official taxi fare prices for the emirates of Ajman and Sharjah.
Ajman Sharjah
Within Ajman – Dhs. 3 – 5
To Sharjah – Dhs. 7 – 15
To Dubai – Dhs. 20 – 35 Within Sharjah – Dhs. 5 – 10
To Ajman – Dhs. 10
To Dubai – Dhs. 15 – 30
Many individuals prefer to bundle together in taxis to reduce the price per person. Most emirates will have a taxi stand, where people come to share a cab to either go to another emirate or else to a far away area of the same emirate.
Dubai Taxi Stands
The most popular taxi stand in Dubai is the Deira taxi stand and it has buses that travel to nearly every emirate in the UAE at particular hourly or half-hourly intervals (or else when the bus fills). This Inter-Emirates bus system is run by the Dubai government’s transportation system, Dubai Transport Corporation (DTC). Dubai Transport took over the taxi stand in 1997, which was previously being run by station-wagon cabs that were not very clean or comfortable. Dubai Transport buses are clean, spacious, air-conditioned, and economical. The travel rates are given below.
Sharjah – Dhs. 5 Ras Al Khaymah – Dhs. 20
Ajman – Dhs. 7 Fujairah – Dhs. 25
Umm Al Quwain – Dhs. 10 Khorfakhan – Dhs. 30
Dhaid Dhs. – 15 Al Ain – Dhs. 30
Masafi – Dhs. 20 Abu Dhabi – Dhs. 15
Dubai Transport started a new Dubai to Sharjah taxi stand in the central market place of Deira on the 7th of August 2022. The taxi stand has 53 new 30-seater buses provided by Al Futtaim Motors.
Sharjah Taxi Stands
There are no official taxi stands in Sharjah, but there are areas where taxis come when individuals want to travel to or from Sharjah. The main taxi area in Sharjah is in Rolla. Rolla is the central part of Sharjah that contains a large retail shopping area, and a number of banks and hotels. Individuals from Ajman who are heading to Dubai will normally stop in Rolla to change cabs to continue on to Dubai. Similarly some individuals from Dubai heading to Ajman, will stop in Rolla to change cabs to continue on to Ajman. It costs Dhs. 5/person to travel from Rolla to Dubai and Dhs. 2/person to travel from Rolla to Ajman. Other than Rolla, you can catch a cab to Dubai from the Al Khan round-about for Dhs. 3/person. It costs less than it does from Rolla because these cabs are 7 or 8 seat station-wagons, while in Rolla the cabs are regular 4 seat sedan.
As of January 10th 2022, the Sharjah-to-Dubai inter-emirate bus service has started with the building of bus stands in Rolla (Al Arouba Road) and Al Wahda street (opposite Sharjah City Centre). Initially the buses used are Dubai Transport Corporation buses, which have been returning to Dubai empty. Ticket prices are Dhs. 5 and buses travel to Deira and Bur Dubai, and Sharjah Transport plans to expand the service to other popular areas, including the beginning of Ajman.
Sharjah Transport has taken a set forward and plans to begin a new taxi transportation system in June 2022 (Gulf News). They have taken over the regular taxi system and started using metered taxis under the company banner of, Citi Taxis. Unfortunately, due to the new meter system, cost of transport within the emirate and to other emirates have doubled.
Ajman Taxi Stands
Similar to Sharjah, there aren’t any dedicated taxi stand areas but there are a few locations where taxis will come to take people. The main area for taxi sharing in Ajman is Al Manama Street (the official name is Sheikh Rashid Street). You can catch a shared taxi anywhere along this street, which runs from the beach road (corniche) to the last round-about of Ajman. The reason why Al Manama Street is the taxi area is because it is the same street that Rolla is on. It cost Dhs. 2/person to travel from Ajman to Rolla. It is possible to travel to Dubai from Ajman but only in the morning. It can be done from the Ajman traffic police station round-about and costs Dhs. 5/person.
Buses
Dubai, Abu Dhabi and Al Ain have public bus transportation system. In Dubai, it costs between 1 and 4 dirhams to get on the bus and the buses are air-conditioned, with a separate area for women and men. The bus system has been handled by the Dubai Municipality since 1995 and has continuously been improving. The bus routing map provided by the Dubai Municipality unfortunately is very unorganized. It doesn’t indicate the bus routes through Deira and Bur Dubai, which are the main two areas of Dubai. It would be nice to be able to select a bus route number and have the route clearly shown. The Dubai Municipality has recently announced that it plans to improve inter-emirate bus services, and has already expanded its current public bus system (Gulf News). Other than public transport, buses are used to transport children to school or workers to work.
Inter-Emirate Bus Services
As indicated above, Dubai Transport Corporation (DTC) has been leading the UAE regarding luxury and cheap bus transportation between emirates. After setting up bus stations to take passengers in Sharjah during January 2022, they have stepped forward and setup a bus station in Ajman in December 2022 (Khaleej Times). The Dubai and Abu Dhabi Municipalities have also jumped into the ring launching a Dubai-to-Abu Dhabi inter-emirate bus service known as Emirates Express in March 2022, which only costs Dhs. 15 for a one-way trip which leaves every 45 minutes (Gulf News). DTC also has slashed their prices for their Dubai-to-Abu Dhabi inter-emirate bus service to Dhs. 15, but unfortunately they are only a one-way service (Gulf News).
Motorcycles
Motorcycles are very rarely used, as it is very dangerous to ride a motorcycle here in the UAE. Motorcycles are mainly used by carrier services, as motorcycles have no problems getting through traffic jams to insure fast delivery. Individuals who can’t afford a car also use motorcycles, as motorcycles can cost as low as Dhs. 3,000.
Other means of transportation are not used, as the temperature in the United Arab Emirates is quite hot all year long. Similar to the motorcycle, riding a bike isn’t safe and riding on the sidewalks is not allowed.
إضافات رآئعة ^^
يزاكم ربي الف خير,,
في ميزان حسناتكم يارب..
